1. Man-made Genetic Instructions Yield Living Cells for the First Time
(Category/DNA News)

The first microbe to live entirely by genetic code synthesized by humans is now proliferating in a lab at the J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI). Venter and his colleagues have used a synthetic genome—the ...

2. Paternity Test - Comparative DNA Testing
(Category/DNA Testing)

... contribute the gene for A or B blood antigens to any child he fathered; and neither gene is present in this child. By contrast, if his blood type was O, then he could possibly be the father - but many ...

3. DNA Database
(Category/DNA Testing)

... was likely to increase even further in the future. According to one official, Deborah Daniels, then assistant U.S. attorney general for justice programs: “DNA is to the 21st century what fingerprinting ...

4. DNA Probes
(Category/DNA Testing)

... duplexes will form only when complementary base pairing occurs perfectly along the entire length of the DNA strands. How a gene probe works A gene probe is a single-stranded segment of DNA. ...

5. DNA Analysis and Diagnosis
(Category/DNA Testing)

... to these techniques is the DNA molecule. It is now possible to reproduce DNA in a test tube, fragment it, determine its composition, change its structure, and map its genes. The principles learned from ...

6. Forensic DNA Typing
(Category/DNA Testing)

...  In 1984, the British geneticist Alec Jeffreys (1950– ) discovered a new method of individualization with the promise of its becoming the perfect method for distinguishing any two humans from each other. ...

7. Genetic Technology
(Category/Genetics)

While CML is not an inherited disease, scientists hope to one day use the same concept to treat or cure genetic diseases. One step in that process was the Human Genome Project, which could give scientists ...

8. Genetic Testing
(Category/Genetics)

Geneticists have not only identified genes that cause genetic disease, but they have also developed genetic tests to detect these diseases as well as researched possible cures for them.  ...

9. Inherited Conditions
(Category/Genetics)

... by an offspring. Sometimes parents can carry a damaged gene that has been passed down to them through generations. Many times they are not aware they carry the gene until they have an affected child.  ...

10. Genetic Mutations and Cancer
(Category/Genetics)

All cancers are caused by a change in DNA, but most cancers are not hereditary. If genetic mutations occur that damage the way cells regulate their growth and death, cancer can be the result. Oncogenes ...

11. Other Chromosomal Abnormalities
(Category/Genetics)

... intact. Deletions When a deletion occurs, there is a loss of some of the genetic information on a chromosome. This results in what is called a partial monosomy because the genes on the ...

12. Down Syndrome - Nondisjunction During Meiosis
(Category/Genetics)

Most of the time, meiosis goes normally. But, occasionally, things do not go quite as they are supposed to. Down syndrome, for example, is a genetic disorder that is caused by an error in meiosis. The ...

13. Passing Genes to the Next Generation
(Category/Genetics)

Following the discovery of the structure of DNA, scientists knew that the DNA molecule carried hereditary information from one generation to the next and what the molecule looked like. But exactly how ...

14. Chromosome Theory of Heredity
(Category/Genetics)

In the early 1900s, Thomas Hunt Morgan (1866–1945), a biologist who studied fruit flies, was about to make his contribution to the science of genetics. The scientific name for the common fruit fly is Drosophila ...

15. Gregor Mendel: The Father of Modern Genetics
(Category/Genetics)

Gregor Mendel (1822–1884) is often called the “father of heredity.” Mendel was a monk and a high school physics, mathematics, and Greek teacher, but he was also one of the first genetics researchers. Most ...

16. Early Ideas about Heredity
(Category/Genetics)

People have always been interested in how a child comes to look like other members of its family. However, scientists did not discover DNA, genes and chromosomes until relatively recently. But that did ...

17. Fossil Avian Eggshell Preserves Ancient DNA
(Category/DNA News)

... (Miller et al. 1999a, 2005; Dortch 2004; Clarke et al. 2006). Iconic extinct megafauna, such as the New Zealand moa birds (Aves: Dinornithiformes), the elephant birds of Madagascar (two genera: Aepyornis ...

18. Junk DNA
(Category/DNA Structure)

Molecular biologists, scientists who study biology at the microscopic level, commonly call the DNA between genes “junk DNA.” As far as scientists know, these portions of the DNA do not code for any particular ...

19. Genes and Chromosomes
(Category/DNA Structure)

... sequences of words make up different sentences. More than 99% of this sequence is exactly the same in all humans. The differences in the DNA sequence are what make each human unique. Genes ...

20. Rosalind Franklin
(Category/DNA Structure)

... scientists’ understanding of DNA was nearly complete. DNA is a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms, mostly in chromosomes. It functions as a carrier of genetic information ...